Studies, Abstracts & User Reports

Badran Z, Bories C, Struillou X, Saffarzadeh A, Verner C, Soueidan A.
Dental Faculty, Nantes, 44042, France
J Oral Implantol. , 16.06.2010

Peri-implantitis is bacterial infections of peri-implant supporting tissues, involving the peri-implant bone. Several treatment protocols have been tested in clinical practice with a variable efficacy. The clinical management of per-implantitis aims for the elimination plaque and calculus, the decontamination of the failing implant surface and the regeneration of the lost bone tissue. Surface decontamination is an important part of all suggested treatments. This could be accomplished by chemical agents (chlorhexidine...), mechanical (ultrasonic...) or photonic (laser) devices. In this report, we present a case of a severe peri-implantitis that was successfully managed by a combination of a non-surgical and a surgical approach. Implant surface debridement/decontamination was obtained using an Er:YAG laser device for the of the implant surface.

© PMID: 20553143 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

Badran Z, Bories C, Struillou X, Saffarzadeh A, Verner C, Soueidan A.
Dental Faculty, Nantes, 44042, France
J Oral Implantol. , 16.06.2010

Peri-implantitis is bacterial infections of peri-implant supporting tissues, involving the peri-implant bone. Several treatment protocols have been tested in clinical practice with a variable efficacy. The clinical management of per-implantitis aims for the elimination plaque and calculus, the decontamination of the failing implant surface and the regeneration of the lost bone tissue. Surface decontamination is an important part of all suggested treatments. This could be accomplished by chemical agents (chlorhexidine...), mechanical (ultrasonic...) or photonic (laser) devices. In this report, we present a case of a severe peri-implantitis that was successfully managed by a combination of a non-surgical and a surgical approach. Implant surface debridement/decontamination was obtained using an Er:YAG laser device for the of the implant surface.

© PMID: 20553143 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

Dr. Sabine Geißler, München
Wissenschaft und Fortbildung BZB Juni 10 3, 01.06.2010

Größere Sicherheit bei der Kariesdiagnostik
Der folgende Beitrag stellt die Laserfluoreszenztechnik zur Kariesdiagnostik bei Kindern und Jugendlichen vor und zeigt deren Einsatzbereiche aber auch Anwendungsgrenzen auf.

© 2010 teamwork media GmbH

Dr. Sabine Geißler, München
Wissenschaft und Fortbildung BZB Juni 10 3, 01.06.2010

Größere Sicherheit bei der Kariesdiagnostik
Der folgende Beitrag stellt die Laserfluoreszenztechnik zur Kariesdiagnostik bei Kindern und Jugendlichen vor und zeigt deren Einsatzbereiche aber auch Anwendungsgrenzen auf.

© 2010 teamwork media GmbH

E. Schäfer, K. Zapke
Outpatients Clinic for Tooth Preservation, Münster
01.04.2010

The 'cleaning effect' of two mechanically-operated root canal Instrumentation Systems and of three manually-o per ated Instrumentation techniques, äs well äs their shaping characteristics in the course of the Instrumentation carried out were investigated with the aid of a scanning electron microscope. 12 teeth each with either st r a ig ht or curved root canals were instrumented in each case up to ISO - size 40 with manually-operated reaming-motion K-Flexofiles, according to the Step-back Technique also with K-Flexofiles, manually filing with Hedström files, mechanically with the KaVo-Endo-System featuring torque-limited rotation and using K-Flexofiles, äs well äs with the mechanical Profile System using nickel-titanium Instruments.

© 2010 Outpatients Clinic for Tooth Preservation

E. Schäfer, K. Zapke
Outpatients Clinic for Tooth Preservation, Münster
01.04.2010

The 'cleaning effect' of two mechanically-operated root canal Instrumentation Systems and of three manually-o per ated Instrumentation techniques, äs well äs their shaping characteristics in the course of the Instrumentation carried out were investigated with the aid of a scanning electron microscope. 12 teeth each with either st r a ig ht or curved root canals were instrumented in each case up to ISO - size 40 with manually-operated reaming-motion K-Flexofiles, according to the Step-back Technique also with K-Flexofiles, manually filing with Hedström files, mechanically with the KaVo-Endo-System featuring torque-limited rotation and using K-Flexofiles, äs well äs with the mechanical Profile System using nickel-titanium Instruments.

© 2010 Outpatients Clinic for Tooth Preservation

Paulsen K, Vietor K
Laryngol Rhinol Otol (Stuttg). , 29.03.2010

Aerial sound measurements with different drilling instruments were performed during dry running and preparations of the bone. Registered were the values of the small drilling instruments Sirona, Dentatus-Air, and Electro-Torque-Ritter. Also tested were the KaVo-Technique-machine, the Hall-machine, the Air-Orbit-turbine, and the Sirona-turbine.

© PMID: 129600 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

Paulsen K, Vietor K
Laryngol Rhinol Otol (Stuttg). , 29.03.2010

Aerial sound measurements with different drilling instruments were performed during dry running and preparations of the bone. Registered were the values of the small drilling instruments Sirona, Dentatus-Air, and Electro-Torque-Ritter. Also tested were the KaVo-Technique-machine, the Hall-machine, the Air-Orbit-turbine, and the Sirona-turbine. During dry running most of them already reached the allowed marginal value of noise nuisance for the ear of 85 dB (A) at a distance of 35 cm. Only the Air-Orbit-machine showed a slightly lower value of 80 dB (A). The level increases with the used handpieces. Normal handpieces 1:1 exert only a minimal influence, gear handpieces 2:1, however, markedly increase the level. The verticity is of no importance in the range of normal rotations between 10,000 r/min. and 80,000 r/min. Only rotations in the lower frequency range of 2,000 r/min. markedly decrease the noise level. During bone drilling, the kind and size of the drilling bit have an influence on the intensity of the noise level. Quadruple wing milling cutters create a very high noise level (at a distance of 15 cm still above 110 dB [A!]), big rose cutters (R 16) create noise levels of 95 dB (A) and above, and only diamond round bits create less noise (approximately 88 db [A]). Small drilling bits make such a faint noise, that it is overroared by the drilling instrument. The turbines create only slightly higher levels than during dry running. Larger drilling bits cannot be employed here on principle. Wing milling cutters can lead to persistent damages of the inner ear. The frequent use of dental drilling instruments for bone preparations can also lead to a hearing loss of the operator in the long run.

© PMID: 129600 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

De Benedetto MS, Morais CC, Novaes TF, de Almeida Rodrigues J, Braga MM, Mendes FM
Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
Lasers Med Sci. , 16.02.2010

The aims of this in vitro study were (1) to compare the reliability of a new fluorescence camera (FC; VistaProof) with that of two other laser fluorescence devices (DIAGNOdent and DIAGNOdent pen) in assessing smooth and occlusal caries lesions in primary teeth and (2) to determine the influence of the spacer, the protective cover and air drying on the FC readings. We selected 129 primary molars which were divided into two groups: smooth surfaces (n=68) and occlusal surfaces (n=61).

© PMID: 20157753 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

De Benedetto MS, Morais CC, Novaes TF, de Almeida Rodrigues J, Braga MM, Mendes FM
Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
Lasers Med Sci. , 16.02.2010

The aims of this in vitro study were (1) to compare the reliability of a new fluorescence camera (FC; VistaProof) with that of two other laser fluorescence devices (DIAGNOdent and DIAGNOdent pen) in assessing smooth and occlusal caries lesions in primary teeth and (2) to determine the influence of the spacer, the protective cover and air drying on the FC readings. We selected 129 primary molars which were divided into two groups: smooth surfaces (n=68) and occlusal surfaces (n=61). Two trained examiners performed the evaluations using the FC and the other laser fluorescence devices separately. One examiner repeated all assessments after 1 week. Inter- and intraexaminer reproducibility was calculated from the absolute values derived from the devices using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland-Altman analysis. Pearson correlation was performed among the values obtained with the different devices. For aim 2, only teeth from the occlusal surface group were used. Another examiner performed measurements with the FC, varying the size of the spacer, the use of the plastic protective cover and the drying time (0, 3 and 15 s). Wilcoxon's test was used to compare these measurements. High values of interexaminer ICC were observed with the FC in both experiments. However, the highest intraexaminer ICC for smooth surfaces was found for the DIAGNOdent (ICC 0.918). A positive correlation between all methods was observed in both studies. Only drying for 15 s significantly increased the FC readings. In conclusion, the FC showed high reliability for occlusal and smooth surfaces, similar to the other fluorescence methods tested. Additionally, prolonged air drying increased the FC measurements.

© PMID: 20157753 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

Astvaldsdóttir A, Tranæus S, Karlsson L, Peter Holbrook W
Department of Cariology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
Acta Odontol Scand. , 26.01.2010

Carious tissue fluoresces with a wavelength different from sound tissue when stimulated by light with a wavelength of 655 nm. This difference is thought to have a bacterial origin rather than indicating demineralization. This study aimed to measure fluorescence emitted by normal cultivable caries-associated bacterial flora and typical porphyrin-producing bacteria with DIAGNOdent, and to verify earlier findings that demineralization of the dental hard tissue does not affect DIAGNOdent readings.

© PMID: 20100119 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

Astvaldsdóttir A, Tranæus S, Karlsson L, Peter Holbrook W
Department of Cariology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
Acta Odontol Scand. , 26.01.2010

Abstract Objective. Carious tissue fluoresces with a wavelength different from sound tissue when stimulated by light with a wavelength of 655 nm. This difference is thought to have a bacterial origin rather than indicating demineralization. This study aimed to measure fluorescence emitted by normal cultivable caries-associated bacterial flora and typical porphyrin-producing bacteria with DIAGNOdent, and to verify earlier findings that demineralization of the dental hard tissue does not affect DIAGNOdent readings. Material and methods. Bacterial samples were collected from five occlusal caries lesions in three subjects. From these, mixed anaerobic flora, Lactobacilli and mutans Streptococci were cultured in up to three different kinds of culture medium. Colonies of Lactobacilli and mutans Streptococci were also measured after transferring them to glass slides. Laboratory teaching strains of Prevotella spp., Porphyromonas gingivalis and Actinomyces odontolyticus were cultured anaerobically and fluorescence measured directly after an appropriate incubation period. Sound enamel surfaces of 15 extracted premolars were demineralized and changes in fluorescence measured. Results. DIAGNOdent readings > 20 were only obtained from young colonies of Prevotella and from colonies of mutans Streptococci cultured on mitis-salivarius-bacitracin agar. Higher measurements were obtained as the bacterial colonies aged. Lower measurements were obtained after transferring colonies to glass slides. Demineralization of enamel did not affect the DIAGNOdent measurements. Conclusions. The change in fluorescence measured with DIAGNOdent has a bacterial origin rather than occurring as a result of demineralization. The measurements are presumably dependent on bacterial metabolites rather than bacteria themselves, and probably record synergistic effects during the carious process rather than the quantity or species of bacteria involved.

© PMID: 20100119 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

Askaroglou E, Kavvadia K, Lagouvardos P, Papagiannoulis L
Department of Paediatric Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Lasers Med Sci., 23.01.2010

The aim of this study was to investigate in vitro the effects of clear or opaque sealants, on the laser fluorescence readings for occlusal caries detection in primary molars. For this reason, 427 occlusal sites in 199 teeth were clinically examined by one dentist, and their laser fluorescence (LF) was measured locally with the DIAGNOdent device, both before and after the teeth had been sealed with Delton Clear LC or Delton Opaque LC.

© PMID: 20099071 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

Askaroglou E, Kavvadia K, Lagouvardos P, Papagiannoulis L
Department of Paediatric Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Lasers Med Sci., 23.01.2010

The aim of this study was to investigate in vitro the effects of clear or opaque sealants, on the laser fluorescence readings for occlusal caries detection in primary molars. For this reason, 427 occlusal sites in 199 teeth were clinically examined by one dentist, and their laser fluorescence (LF) was measured locally with the DIAGNOdent device, both before and after the teeth had been sealed with Delton Clear LC or Delton Opaque LC. For 29 of these teeth, we also measured the laser fluorescence by scanning the fissures before and after sealant application. We used Wilcoxon's signed ranks sum test and Spearman's rho correlation to compare and correlate the LF readings before and after sealing, while we used the Mann-Whitney U test to compare the two materials. Finally, we used the Kruskal-Wallis test to compare readings taken locally with those taken by the scanning technique. The results showed that there was an LF increase by a mean of 6 units after sealing with the clear material, while there was a 15 units decrease after sealing with the opaque one. LF readings before and after sealing correlated better for the clear material (rho = 0.826) than for the opaque one (rho = 0.507). LF readings were statistically significantly affected by both clear and opaque sealants (P < 0.001). However, this effect was statistically significantly less pronounced for the clear material (P < 0.001). There was also no difference between the LF readings taken by the fissure scanning technique or locally (P > 0.05). In conclusion, LF readings for occlusal caries detection in primary molars were significantly affected by both the clear and the opaque materials. However, the effect for the opaque material was more pronounced.

© PMID: 20099071 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

Damstra J, Fourie Z, Huddleston Slater JJ, Ren Y
Department of Orthodontics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, PO Box 30.001, Groningen, 9700 RB, The Netherlands
Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2010 Jan;137(1):16.e1-6; discussion 16-7, 01.01.2010

The aims of this study were to determine the linear accuracy of 3-dimensional surface models derived from a commercially available cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) dental imaging system and volumetric rendering software and to investigate the influence of voxel resolution on the linear accuracy of CBCT surface models.

© PMID: 20122425 [PubMed]

Damstra J, Fourie Z, Huddleston Slater JJ, Ren Y
Department of Orthodontics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, PO Box 30.001, Groningen, 9700 RB, The Netherlands
Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2010 Jan;137(1):16.e1-6; discussion 16-7, 01.01.2010

INTRODUCTION: The aims of this study were to determine the linear accuracy of 3-dimensional surface models derived from a commercially available cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) dental imaging system and volumetric rendering software and to investigate the influence of voxel resolution on the linear accuracy of CBCT surface models. METHODS: Glass sphere markers were fixed on 10 dry mandibles. The mandibles were scanned with 0.40 and 0.25 voxel size resolutions in 3 sessions. Anatomic truth was established with 6 direct digital caliper measurements. The surface models were rendered by a volumetric rendering program, and the CBCT measurements were established as the mean of the 3 measurements. RESULTS: The intraclass correlation coefficients between the physical measurements and the measurements of the CBCT images of 0.40 and 0.25 voxels were all more than 0.99. All CBCT measurements were accurate. There was no difference between the accuracy of the measurements between the 0.40 and 0.25 voxel size groups. The smallest detectable differences of the CBCT measurements were minimal, confirming the accuracy of the CBCT measurement procedure. CONCLUSIONS: The measurements on 3-dimensional surface models of 0.25 and 0.40 voxel size data sets made with the 3D eXam CBCT scanner (KaVo Dental GmbH, Bismarckring, Germany) and SimPlant Ortho Pro software (version 2.00, Materialise Dental, Leuven, Belgium) are accurate compared with direct caliper measurements. An increased voxel resolution did not result in greater accuracy of the surface model measurments.

© PMID: 20122425 [PubMed]

Hassan B, Metska ME, Ozok AR, van der Stelt P, Wesselink PR
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
J Endod. 2010 Jan;36(1):126-9, 01.01.2010

This study compared the accuracy of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans made by five different systems in detecting vertical root fractures (VRFs). It also assessed the influence of the presence of root canal filling (RCF), CBCT slice orientation selection, and the type of tooth (premolar/molar) on detection accuracy.

© PMID: 20003950 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

Hassan B, Metska ME, Ozok AR, van der Stelt P, Wesselink PR
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
J Endod. 2010 Jan;36(1):126-9, 01.01.2010

INTRODUCTION: This study compared the accuracy of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans made by five different systems in detecting vertical root fractures (VRFs). It also assessed the influence of the presence of root canal filling (RCF), CBCT slice orientation selection, and the type of tooth (premolar/molar) on detection accuracy. METHODS: Eighty endodontically prepared teeth were divided into four groups and placed in dry mandibles. The teeth in groups Fr-F and Fr-NF were artificially fractured; those in groups control-F and control-NF were not. Groups Fr-F and control-F were root filled. CBCT scans were made using five different commercial CBCT systems. Two observers evaluated images in axial, coronal, and sagittal reconstruction planes. RESULTS: There was a significant difference in detection accuracy among the five systems (p = 0.00001). The presence of RCF did not influence sensitivity (p = 0.16), but it reduced specificity (p = 0.003). Axial slices were significantly more accurate than sagittal and coronal slices (p = 0.0001) in detecting VRF in all systems. Significantly more VRFs were detected among molars than premolars (p = 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: RCF presence reduced specificity in all systems (p = 0.003) but did not influence accuracy (p = 0.79) except in one system (p = 0.012). Axial slices were the most accurate in detecting VRFs (p = 0.0001).

© PMID: 20003950 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

Kimura Y, Tanabe M, Amano Y, Kinoshita J, Yamada Y, Masuda Y
Division of Endodontics, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Ohu University School of Dentistry, 31-1 Misumido, Tomita-machi, Koriyama-city, Fukushima, Japan
J Dent. , 01.12.2009

Many methods are used to detect vertical root fractures, but most are not adequate for identification of incomplete fractures or cracks. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of three detergents on detection of vertical root fractures by DIAGNOdent with methylene blue (MB) solution.

© PMID: 19665275 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

Kimura Y, Tanabe M, Amano Y, Kinoshita J, Yamada Y, Masuda Y
Division of Endodontics, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Ohu University School of Dentistry, 31-1 Misumido, Tomita-machi, Koriyama-city, Fukushima, Japan
J Dent. , 01.12.2009

OBJECTIVE: Many methods are used to detect vertical root fractures, but most are not adequate for identification of incomplete fractures or cracks. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of three detergents on detection of vertical root fractures by DIAGNOdent with methylene blue (MB) solution. METHODS: Vertical incomplete fractures were artificially created on the roots of extracted human teeth, the DIAGNOdent values (D values) recorded in the presence or absence of MB solution, and the effects of detergents on D values examined. The effects of 20% ethanol on enhancing detergent action were also investigated. Statistical analysis was performed using the Mann-Whitney U-test; a value of p<0.01 was considered significant. RESULTS: D values increased significantly when MB solution was used with 0.1% or 1.0% polyoxyethylene (10) octylphenyl ether compared to MB solution only. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that 0.1% or 1.0% polyoxyethylene (10) octylphenyl ether could be used as an enhancer for detection of vertical root fractures by DIAGNOdent using MB solution.

© PMID: 19665275 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]